Manual Maquina De Coser Sigma Electronic
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Ultrasonic inspection is used extensively around the world. The technique is the method of choice for non-destructive testing, for it is quick, non-contact and reliable. Most ultrasonic inspection machines use piezoelectric transducers for the testing, and this is the most common type of transducer. A large number of machine types are available, from benchtop machines suitable primarily for inspection of outside circumference cooling fins, to large production machines suitable for inspection of large components such as aircraft wings.
The characteristic cost of ultrasound inspection is the cost of the machine. Typically the machine cost is order of magnitude one tenth that of the cost of a computer controlled X-ray system or the like, but the machine must be in a commanding position in the manufacturing line to be economic.
Ultrasonic inspection may be distinguished from other non-destructive assessment methods in that it is almost completely insensitive to surface geometry. This is because air/oil/water-coupled (or gel-coupled) ultrasonic waves are strongly attenuated by the boundary of the test object and the air/oil/water is all that is needed to focus the waves to a very small depth inside the test object. So in a complex object, a small flaw or flaw system may be interrogated by a focused beam of ultrasonic energy.
Ultrasonic beams are often generated by a pulser/receiver transducer, which may be mechanical, solid state or electrostatic, as well as piezoelectric. The time of flight of the ultrasonic pulse from the pulser to the receiver may be used to measure the distance to reflectors for damage estimation. This is best done in water due to the weakness of the ultrasonic waves in air. The energy of the pulser is often modulated such that the reflection of the signal is recorded as an envelope for each point in the scan.
The number of signal processing channels which can be monitored simultaneously is limited to a most cases by the number of transducers on the machine, and the number of processing channels available in most machines. d2c66b5586